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Orbital frontiers: harnessing higher modes in photonic simulators
Jiho Noh1,2, Julian Schulz3, Wladimir Benalcazar4
1Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 17, 2025
Summary
Photonic platforms now use higher-order light modes to simulate complex quantum dynamics. This advance expands their capability for modeling exotic phenomena in structured electronic systems.
Area of Science:
- Quantum simulation
- Photonics
- Structured light
Background:
- Photonic platforms serve as classical simulators for quantum dynamics.
- Current systems often use only fundamental light modes.
- Advances in structured light enable richer quantum simulations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the use of higher-order spatial modes in photonic quantum simulators.
- To explore how these modes enhance simulation capabilities.
- To highlight new functionalities enabled by orbital angular momentum.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing higher-order spatial modes of light.
- Leveraging orbital angular momentum (OAM) as a degree of freedom.
- Developing photonic analogs of structured electronic systems.
Main Results:
- Higher-order modes enable richer quantum dynamics emulation.
- New functionalities include simulating topological band structures and synthetic gauge fields.
- Exploiting internal mode structure expands simulation scope.
Conclusions:
- Higher-order spatial modes significantly enhance photonic quantum simulators.
- This approach opens new avenues for studying quantum phenomena.
- Photonic platforms are becoming more versatile for simulating complex quantum systems.
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