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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Utilizing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Language Function in Stroke Patients with Chronic Non-fluent Aphasia
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Modulating Phonological Short-Term Memory in Stroke Survivors With Aphasia Using Transcranial Alternating Current

Katrina N Erickson1,2, Sara B Pillay1, Jeffrey R Binder1,3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
|December 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In-phase theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) enhanced phonological short-term memory (pSTM) capacity in stroke survivors with aphasia. This non-invasive brain stimulation technique shows promise for improving language functions after stroke.

Keywords:
aphasiaphonological short-term memorystroketACStranscranial alternating current stimulationverbal short-term memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Short-term maintenance of phonological information is crucial for language processing.
  • Phonological short-term memory (pSTM) is frequently impaired in stroke survivors with aphasia (SWA).
  • Understanding and modulating brain activity in pSTM is vital for therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of theta transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on pSTM in SWA.
  • To determine if in-phase or anti-phase tACS can modulate brain oscillatory activity related to pSTM.
  • To assess the potential of tACS as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique for aphasia rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subject, single-blinded, sham-controlled pilot study involving 13 SWA.
  • Participants received 20-minute sessions of theta-tACS (4-7 Hz) targeting left temporoparietal and inferior frontal regions under three conditions: in-phase, anti-phase, and sham.
  • pSTM capacity was measured using an adaptive delayed match-to-sample task assessing the number of syllables maintained over a 5-second delay.

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction between tACS condition and block indicated modulation of pSTM capacity.
  • In-phase theta-tACS significantly increased pSTM capacity compared to both sham and anti-phase conditions during stimulation.
  • Individual responses to tACS were variable, with approximately 60% of participants showing a positive effect.

Conclusions:

  • In-phase theta-tACS demonstrates a positive impact on phonological short-term memory capacity in stroke survivors with aphasia.
  • This finding supports the potential of tACS as a targeted neuromodulation strategy for enhancing cognitive functions in aphasia.
  • Larger-scale studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary results and explore the long-term clinical efficacy of tACS.