Oral Health Needs and Expectations in a Palliative Care Unit-A Qualitative Study

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines palliative care as a people-centred health service aiming at improving the quality of life of patients and their families when facing life-threatening illnesses. Oral health plays a significant role in the overall quality of life of these patients; yet, it is often overlooked. This study aims to explore the perceptions of patients, families and healthcare professionals on oral health and the need for oral health care in a palliative care unit (PCU).

This qualitative study employed a grounded theory approach. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted in the PCU at Hospital Base of Valdivia in Chile. Data were transcribed, analysed and categorised through open and axial coding, allowing the identification and organisation of key concepts into thematic categories.

A total of 15 interviews were conducted, involving seven healthcare professionals, four caregivers and four patients. Five thematic categories emerged from the analysis: (i) barriers to dental care, (ii) interdisciplinary team in palliative care, (iii) oral health training in palliative care professionals, (iv) oral health as part of general health and (v) strengths in dental care.

Participants recognised the importance of oral health for improving the quality of life within the palliative care setting. The integration of dental professionals into the interdisciplinary health team was identified as a critical yet challenging necessity.