Associations of Early Life Ambient PM2.5 Exposure With Asthma Risk in a Cohort of Preterm Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) after NICU discharge increases asthma risk by age 5 in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Early air quality is a key factor for long-term respiratory health in these vulnerable children.
Area Of Science
- Environmental Health
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Neonatology
Background
- Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are at high risk for respiratory complications.
- Early life exposure to air pollution may exacerbate respiratory conditions in vulnerable infants.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in the first year post-neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge and the development of asthma by age 5.
- To assess if PM2.5 exposure is a significant risk factor for asthma in infants with BPD.
Main Methods
- A retrospective cohort study included 337 infants with BPD discharged from 2010-2019.
- PM2.5 exposures were estimated using a spatiotemporal machine-learning model for the first year after NICU discharge.
- Modified Poisson regression models were used to analyze the association between PM2.5 and asthma by age 5, adjusting for covariates.
Main Results
- Over half (50.1%) of the infants were diagnosed with asthma by age 5.
- Each 1 µg/m³ increase in PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 19% higher risk of asthma (aRR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03-1.37).
- Higher PM2.5 exposure tertiles showed a trend towards increased asthma risk compared to the lowest tertile.
Conclusions
- Higher ambient PM2.5 exposure in the year following NICU discharge is linked to an increased risk of asthma by age 5 in children with BPD.
- Early-life air quality emerges as a critical, modifiable factor influencing long-term respiratory outcomes for infants with BPD.
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