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Intergenerational Oral Conditions' Relationships: The Role of Sugar Intake
S Kiuchi1,2,3,4, H S Schuch4, Y Matsuyama3
1Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
JDR Clinical and Translational Research
|December 17, 2025
Summary
Maternal caries experience significantly increases children's risk of developing cavities. Limiting children's free sugar intake can effectively mitigate this risk, promoting better oral health.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health Epidemiology
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Public Health Nutrition
Background:
- Maternal oral health is a known determinant of child oral health.
- The specific role of free sugar intake as a modifier in this association was previously unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between maternal caries experience and children's caries status.
- To assess if free sugar intake modifies the relationship between maternal and child caries.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Australian Study of Mothers' and Infants' Life Events Affecting Oral Health (SMILE) cohort.
- Maternal caries experience (DMFS) at child age 2y was the exposure; child caries (dmfs/DMFS) at age 5y was the outcome.
- Regression models analyzed the association, with interaction terms assessing free sugar intake modification.
Main Results:
- Children of mothers with high caries experience (≥30 DMFS) had significantly higher caries experience and risk at age 5y.
- Significant interactions were found, indicating free sugar intake (12-24.9g or ≥25g daily) amplified the risk associated with maternal caries.
- The study analyzed 879 mother-child dyads, with average maternal DMFS of 11.8 and child dmfs/DMFS of 1.4.
Conclusions:
- High maternal caries experience is a significant risk factor for childhood caries.
- Reducing free sugar consumption in children can mitigate the caries risk, even with high maternal caries experience.
- Public health policies should focus on reducing sugar intake to prevent childhood caries.
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