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Adaptation without Dominance in Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars.

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|December 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Local adaptation in Pseudomonas syringae pathogens is common but not universal. Pathovar classifications don't reliably predict pathogen success, and in vitro growth doesn't indicate in-plant performance.

Keywords:
Arabidopsis thalianaEcological adaptationEvolutionHost–pathogenLocal adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Phytopathogens like Pseudomonas syringae cause significant agricultural losses.
  • Intraspecific lineages (pathovars) are often defined by host-of-isolation.
  • The distinction between local adaptation and local dominance in pathovars is often unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether five Pseudomonas syringae pathovars are locally adapted and/or dominant in their hosts.
  • To determine if pathovar classification accurately reflects pathogen phenotypes.
  • To assess the predictability of in planta performance from in vitro growth and gene content.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro growth assays were conducted.
  • Factorial controlled infections were performed across multiple hosts.
  • Pathogen gene content, including virulence factors, was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Local adaptation was found in 3 of 5 tested pathovars; only 1 was also locally dominant.
  • Some strains showed cost-free generalism, performing well in non-native hosts.
  • In vitro growth did not correlate with in planta growth; pathovar designations were unreliable for predicting phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Local adaptation is prevalent but not universal in P. syringae.
  • Pathovar classification and in vitro assays are poor predictors of pathogen behavior.
  • P. syringae exhibits significant intraspecific variation and diverse adaptive strategies, including generalism.