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Enhanced sparrow search algorithm with DV-Hop for high-precision fire sensor localization in underground spaces.

Jiang Li¹, Liliang Dong², Le Xu³

¹School of Electrical Engineering, Hunan Polytechnic of Water Resources and Electric Power, Changsha, Hunan, China.

|December 17, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new fire sensor localization method, ESSADV-Hop, significantly improves accuracy in underground environments. It reduces localization errors by over 55%, enhancing emergency response effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

Engineering
Computer Science
Emergency Response

Background:

Accurate fire sensor localization is crucial for underground emergency response.
Traditional methods like DV-Hop exhibit significant localization errors.
Issues include hop count ambiguity and premature optimization convergence.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an improved localization method for underground fire monitoring.
To address the limitations of existing DV-Hop algorithms.
To enhance the accuracy and reliability of fire sensor positioning.

Main Methods:

Proposed an Enhanced Sparrow Search Algorithm with Improved DV-Hop (ESSADV-Hop).
Implemented a golden ratio-based communication radius division for refined hop count.
Utilized an enhanced sparrow search algorithm with Gaussian perturbations to avoid local optima.

Main Results:

ESSADV-Hop reduced average localization error by 55.7% compared to DV-Hop (0.2910 to 0.1288).
Achieved 11.74%–23.05% higher accuracy than other DV-Hop variants.
Demonstrated superior performance in complex underground environments.

Conclusions:

ESSADV-Hop effectively enhances fire sensor localization accuracy in underground settings.
The proposed method overcomes key limitations of traditional DV-Hop algorithms.
ESSADV-Hop offers a more reliable solution for critical underground fire monitoring and emergency response.