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Comparative evaluation of otological examination techniques in captive Leopardus guttulus.
Maria C A Martini1, Ana L R Marques1, Marina Marangoni1
1Post-graduation Program in Health, Welfare and Sustainable Animal Production in the Southern Frontier, Federal University of the Fronteira Sul, Realeza, Paraná 85770-000, Brazil.
Research in Veterinary Science
|December 17, 2025
Summary
Video-otoscopy offers superior visualization of southern tiger cat ears compared to traditional methods. This advanced technique aids in identifying ear canal structures and potential issues, though caution is advised regarding light source heat.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Comparative Anatomy
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Otological examinations in wildlife, particularly felids, require effective visualization tools.
- Conventional otoscopy has limitations in detailing external ear canal and tympanic membrane structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of conventional, digital, and video-otoscopy for examining the ear canal and tympanic membrane in southern tiger cats (Leopardus guttulus).
- To assess the anatomical similarities and differences between the ears of southern tiger cats and domestic cats.
- To identify common otological findings in this wild felid population.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of three otoscopic techniques: conventional, digital, and video-otoscopy.
- Anatomical description of the auricle, external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane.
- Cytological analysis and bacterial culturing of ear canal samples.
- Documentation of any observed pathologies or masses.
Main Results:
- Video-otoscopy provided superior magnification and visualization of anatomical structures, including tympanic membrane vascularization.
- Ear anatomy of L. guttulus is similar to domestic cats, with some variations in ear canal access.
- Cytology revealed desquamated cells and Malassezia spp.; bacterial cultures identified Staphylococcus spp. with low resistance.
- Two older cats had benign-appearing masses near the tympanic membrane.
Conclusions:
- Video-otoscopy is the most effective method for otological examination in southern tiger cats, offering high-definition imaging.
- Caution is necessary during video-otoscopy to prevent thermal injury from the light source.
- Findings underscore the importance of otological monitoring and fungal surveillance in captive wildlife.
