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Valvular Heart Disease Associations With Cardiac Biomarkers Using AI-Guided Echocardiography: The RURAL Cohort Study.

Evangelia Alexopoulos1, Joanna Walsh2, Jesse Y Hsu2

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Summary

This study found mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and valvular heart disease (VHD) prevalence in the rural U.S. South. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores may help identify individuals needing further evaluation for MVP and VHD.

Keywords:
biomarkersmitral valve prolapserural countiesvalvular heart disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited data exists on mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and valvular heart disease (VHD) prevalence in the rural U.S. South.
  • Early detection of VHD is critical for risk stratification and prevention in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess MVP and VHD prevalence in a rural Southern U.S. cohort.
  • To examine associations between MVP/VHD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • To evaluate MVP severity in relation to cardiac biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of the Risk Underlying Rural Areas Longitudinal study (n=2,621).
  • Logistic regression and weighted models used to assess associations with MVP, VHD, and CVD risk (PREVENT score).
  • Cardiac biomarkers (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, NT-proBNP) analyzed in relation to MVP severity.

Main Results:

  • MVP prevalence was 1.9% and other VHD was 11.2%.
  • Higher CVD risk categories (PREVENT score) were associated with lower odds of MVP but higher odds of other VHD.
  • N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was elevated in severe MVP cases.

Conclusions:

  • MVP prevalence in this cohort aligns with existing population studies.
  • The PREVENT score may aid in identifying individuals at increased risk for MVP and other VHD.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the clinical implications of MVP/VHD status.