[Value of gene mutation in the prognosis and treatment of multiple myeloma]

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly het1076erogeneous hematologic malignancy driven by complex genetic and molecular abnormalities. Driver gene mutations, particularly in the RAS/MAPK, DNA damage repair, and NF-κB pathways, are central to MM pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis. Existing risk stratification systems based on cytogenetics and clinical features remain limited in predictive accuracy. Emerging genomic prognostic models and targeted therapies offer new precision treatment strategies. Integrating gene mutation analysis into prognostic frameworks may improve outcome prediction and guide therapy. This review summarizes current advances on gene mutations in MM, their prognostic implications, and potential therapeutic targets.