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The effects of VR-based multi-task sensorimotor intervention on motor performance in children with ADHD and DCD
Yanwei Cai1, Zongtao Li2, Hao Liu1
1College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, No. 20, South 2nd Ring East Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, China.
Insights
Multi-task sensorimotor intervention effectively improved motor skills in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Children with comorbid ADHD and DCD showed the greatest gains, highlighting the intervention
Area of Science:
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Pediatric Motor Skill Development
- Rehabilitation Therapies
Background:
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
- These conditions, whether independent or comorbid, often lead to significant motor skill deficits.
- Effective interventions are crucial for improving motor function and daily life activities in affected children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of Multi-task Sensorimotor Intervention (MTSI) on motor performance and skill acquisition in children with ADHD + DCD.
- To compare the intervention's effectiveness in children with ADHD + DCD against those with ADHD only, DCD only, and typically developing peers.
- To determine if MTSI yields differential benefits across these groups.
Main Methods:
- A total of 139 children (37 ADHD, 33 ADHD + DCD, 34 DCD, 35 TD) participated in the MTSI program.
- The MTSI involved five distinct sensorimotor intervention tasks designed to enhance motor skills.
- Motor performance changes were assessed using MTSI system scores, and gross/fine motor skill acquisition was analyzed via mixed-design repeated measures ANOVA.
Main Results:
- All participating groups showed significant improvements in motor performance during MTSI practice.
- Children across all groups demonstrated notable gains in both gross and fine motor skills post-intervention.
- Children with the comorbid condition of ADHD + DCD exhibited the most substantial improvements in motor skill magnitude.
Conclusions:
- Multi-task Sensorimotor Intervention (MTSI) is an effective strategy for enhancing gross and fine motor skills in children with ADHD or DCD.
- The intervention shows particular efficacy for children with comorbid ADHD and DCD.
- Tailored, multidimensional intervention approaches like MTSI are beneficial for addressing motor deficits in these pediatric populations.
Abstract:
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) are two prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders among children. Both of these diseases, occurring independently or in combination, can result in significant motor skill deficits. The purpose of this study was to observe the improvement in motor performance and skill acquisition of children with ADHD + DCD in comparison with their peers with ADHD or DCD, through repeated practice in the MTSI game. A total of 139 children (37 ADHD, 33 ADHD + DCD, 34 DCD, 35 TD: Typically Developing) participated in the MTSI (Multi-task Sensorimotor Intervention), which involved five sensorimotor intervention tasks. The change of motor performance scores provided by the MTSI system was assessed with repeated measurements, and the skill acquisition in gross & fine motor skills before and after intervention was analyzed with a mixed-design repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc analysis. All groups of children demonstrated a significant increase in motor performance during repeated practice in MTSI and displayed great improvements in gross and fine motor skills, with ADHD + DCD children benefiting more in the magnitude. Multi-task sensorimotor intervention (MTSI) can effectively improve gross and fine motor skills for children with ADHD or DCD, and particularly for those with ADHD and DCD comorbidity, with tailored, multidimensional intervention strategies.
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