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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
Antagonistic activity against innate immunity determines virulence in mammalian bornaviruses
Akiko Makino1,2, Chiaki Tanaka3, Kan Fujino3,4
1Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. makino@infront.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Abstract:
Variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 (VSBV-1) is a lethal emerging disease that has been discovered in privately owned and zoo squirrels, but its pathogenicity as a zoonotic pathogen remains uncertain. To better understand VSBV-1 virulence, we investigated its virological properties and developed a recombinant virus with Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) carrying the VSBV-1 X/P sequence. Our study revealed that the recombinant BoDV-1 had a 100% lethality rate and was significantly more pathogenic in adult rats than the wild-type BoDV-1. These findings not only enhance our understanding of VSBV-1 virulence, but also provide crucial insights for the development of vaccines and therapeutics against emerging bornaviruses.
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