Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
Published on: August 30, 2013
A fuzzy graph theoretic approach to face shape recognition using cubic outerplanar structures
Deivanai Jaisankar1, Sujatha Ramalingam2, Gizachew Bayou Zegeye3
1Mathematics, School of Science and Humanities, Shiv Nadar University Chennai, Rajiv Gandhi Salai (OMR), Kalavakkam, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603110, India.
Abstract:
The well-known topic of crisp graph planarity is contrasted with the more new and thoroughly studied field of planarity inside a fuzzy framework. In cubic fuzzy domain, cubic multisets with interval and fuzzy number to capture vagueness. Cubic fuzzy graphs (CuFGs) are structures which use cubic multisets to represent membership of vertices and edges. The interval represents a continuous process, whereas the point defines a specific process. Thus, cubic fuzzy graphs perform better than both interval valued graphs and fuzzy graphs as they indicate the level of participation of vertices and edges enabling management of uncertainty and ambiguity in interval valued fuzzy graphs (IvFG) and fuzzy graphs (FGs). The properties and characteristics of cubic fuzzy outerplanar graphs is investigated in this article, diving into a variety of fascinating elements of these topics. Cubic fuzzy graphs (CuFGs) can be created by removing individual vertices or edges from cubic fuzzy outerplanar subgraphs (CuFOSs). The study also includes examples of maximal and maximum cubic fuzzy outerplanar subgraphs obtained by removing both vertices and edges. Furthermore, the definition of cubic fuzzy dual graphs (CuFDGs), which are formed from cubic fuzzy outerplanar graphs (CuFGs) is presented and underlying relationship among these is explored. A practical application of this work is found in human face shape recognition, where cubic fuzzy graphs (CuFGs) offer a powerful framework for modeling facial geometry. It is observed that by accommodating uncertainty in facial feature positions and relationships, CuFGs enable more accurate recognition in complex biometric identification tasks.
Related Concept Videos
Association Areas of the Cortex
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Graphs of Polar Equations
VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes
Molecular Shapes
Two regions of electron density in a diatomic...
Structural Classification of Joints
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
Fischer Projections

