A Systematic Review of Visual Detection Methods for Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification During the Proactive...

The authentication of seafood species is a substantial issue due to the rising trend of adulteration and mislabeling worldwide, carrying significant and troubling implications for the economy, environment, and even public health. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is emerging as a promising approach for seafood authentication due to the rapid turnaround and simplified isothermal operational conditions. Despite the accuracy of traditional LAMP result interpretation methods, they are frequently time-consuming and labor-intensive, necessitating the use of sophisticated analyzers and skilled technicians. Instead, visual detection is advantageous due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, portability, and suitability for on-site detection. In this review, we summarized recent advances in visual LAMP detection, highlighting innovations in detection techniques leveraging the coordination chemistry between metal ions and pyrophosphate ions. We have also introduced various strategies for qualitative and quantitative tests using smartphone-based analysis of pH-sensitive indicators. Furthermore, amplicon-based methods were also analyzed, encompassing both sequence-dependent and sequence-independent approaches. Based on the current state of the technological landscape, we concluded by offering several critical recommendations for future research directions in this burgeoning field, which can accelerate the widespread adoption and practical implementation of these technologies in seafood authentication.