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Identification and validation of prognostic genes and prognostic models associated with cutaneous melanoma and

Zhaoqi Zhang1, Ying Wang1, Wei Yin2

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Researchers identified key genes related to the integrated stress response (ISR) that predict skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) patient outcomes. This stratification aids in personalized treatment strategies and improving immunotherapy effectiveness for SKCM.

Keywords:
immune micro-environmentimmunohistochemistryintegrated stress responseprognostic modeskin cutaneous melanoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis.
  • The integrated stress response (ISR) role in SKCM tumorigenesis is not fully understood.
  • Identifying prognostic markers is crucial for improving SKCM patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel prognostic genes associated with SKCM.
  • To develop predictive models for SKCM patient survival.
  • To explore the tumor immune microenvironment and its relation to prognosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized public genomic data for differential expression and regression analyses.
  • Constructed risk models and nomograms based on identified prognostic genes and clinical factors.
  • Analyzed immune cell infiltration and potential immunotherapy response across risk groups.
  • Validated prognostic gene expression using RT-qPCR.

Main Results:

  • Validated seven genes (DTL, DTX3L, KCNMB1, NDRG1, GPX2, DERL3, MBTPS2) as prognostic markers for SKCM.
  • Developed a risk model classifying patients into high-risk (higher mortality) and low-risk groups.
  • A nomogram integrating clinical data proved effective for survival prediction.
  • Significant differences in immune microenvironment were observed between risk groups, with potential implications for immunotherapy efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • The identified ISR-related genes and risk stratification offer new avenues for SKCM targeted therapy.
  • These findings support personalized treatment approaches to enhance immunotherapy outcomes in SKCM patients.