The correlation between C-reactive protein and normal tension glaucoma disease: A meta-analysis

BackgroundNormal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a common subtype of glaucoma that progresses silently and can lead to irreversible vision loss if left untreated. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation and vascular dysfunction may play a role in its pathogenesis. C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis, has been widely studied as a prognostic indicator in various diseases. However, its potential association with NTG remains unclear. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the relationship between CRP levels in individuals with NTG compared to those without the condition.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for observational studies published up to 31 October 2023 investigating CRP levels in NTG patients and controls. Study quality and risk of bias were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eligible studies reporting CRP levels were analyzed using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA meta-analysis of ten case-control studies involving 766 patients revealed that CRP levels were significantly higher in the NTG group compared to controls (SMD: 0.731, 95% CI: 0.147-1.316 ; z = 2.454; P = 0.014). However, no significant difference in CRP levels was observed between the POAG group and controls (SMD = 0.093; 95% CI: -0.160-0.345; z = 0.719; P = 0.472).ConclusionElevated circulating CRP levels were significantly associated with NTG, suggesting a potential systemic inflammatory contribution to its pathogenesis. Although CRP may serve as an adjunctive marker for identifying high-risk individuals, its clinical value remains provisional and requires confirmation in future prospective studies.