Second Victim Syndrome Among Hispanic Orthopaedic Surgeons

Second victim syndrome (SVS) occurs when healthcare providers experience emotional distress after an adverse medical event. Although studied in other specialties, research is limited on its prevalence in orthopaedic surgery, particularly among Hispanic surgeons. This study evaluated SVS among Hispanic orthopaedic surgeons using the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool and identified support disparities.

A survey containing the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool questionnaire was sent through e-mail and completed by 70 orthopaedic surgeons in Puerto Rico. Responses were collected electronically from May to September 2024. Descriptive statistics and Likert scores assessed SVS dimensions and support preferences.

The prevalence of psychological distress was moderate (mean: 3.1; SD: 1.2), with emotional distress being the most pronounced. Physical symptoms were less prominent (mean: 2.3; SD: 1.4). Colleague (mean: 2.2; SD: 1.0) and supervisor support (mean: 2.4; SD: 0.9) were inadequate. Institutional support had moderate gaps (mean: 2.7; SD: 1.2). Non-work-related support was highly valued (mean: 1.8; SD: 1.1). Professional self-efficacy declined, increasing self-doubt (mean: 2.6; SD: 1.3). Turnover intention and absenteeism were low (2.2 each). Preferred support included peer discussions (mean: 3.9; SD: 0.8) and employee counseling services (mean: 3.5; SD: 0.9).

Hispanic orthopaedic surgeons experience notable distress and insufficient institutional support following adverse medical events. These findings highlight the importance of implementing strategies to mitigate the impact of SVS and improve resilience among healthcare providers.