Distinct dyadic coping patterns in couples managing gestational diabetes mellitus: a latent profile analysis

No studies have identified dyadic coping patterns in couples managing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

While male partners are often involved in GDM management, their involvement exerts mixed effects.

This study aims to (1) identify dyadic coping patterns among GDM couples, (2) compare self-management behaviors among identified patterns, and (3) examine potential predictors associated with each pattern.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, from September 2024 to January 2025. 200 GDM couples completed the Chinese version of the Couple Collaborative Management Scale and the GDM Knowledge Questionnaire. Pregnant women also completed the GDM Self-management Behavior Scale. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify subgroups of dyadic coping.

Three latent patterns emerged: Class 1 (low-positive/low-negative group; 20.0%), Class 2 (high-positive/high-negative group; 12.0%), and Class 3 (high-positive/low-negative group; 68.0%). Significant differences in self-management behaviors were observed across classes. History of adverse obstetric outcomes, paternal GDM knowledge, and maternal dyadic appraisal were significant predictors of class membership.

The findings provide healthcare professionals with a deeper understanding of couple interactions in GDM management and how these interactions function within this context.

Approximately one-third of couples exhibited suboptimal dyadic coping patterns. To optimize GDM management, healthcare professionals are recommended to routinely screen couples for maladaptive patterns and implement tailored dyadic interventions to facilitate more functional couple interactions.