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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions
Published on: June 6, 2025
Inulin alleviates high-salt diet-induced cognitive impairment: A study on multi-target regulation mechanisms via the
Huajing Gao1, Qifang Guo2, Qinglin Qu1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
Abstract:
Long-term high-salt diet (HSD) is a recognized risk factor for cognitive impairment and gut pathology, yet effective interventions are limited. This study demonstrates that inulin supplementation alleviates HSD-induced cognitive deficits and gut damage in mice by remodeling the gut microbiota and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Behavioral tests confirmed improved learning and memory following inulin intervention. Mechanistically, inulin restored gut barrier integrity, increased fecal and systemic SCFAs levels, and upregulated the expression of SCFAs receptors free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2)/ free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), while concurrently reducing systemic LPS and suppressing hippocampal neuroinflammation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Crucially, exogenous SCFAs administration recapitulated the beneficial effects of inulin. Our findings establish the "inulin-microbiota-SCFAs" axis as a core mechanism, highlighting inulin's potential as a dietary intervention for HSD-related disorders via multi-target modulation of the gut-brain axis.SCFAsSCFAs.
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