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Related Concept Videos

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peptic Ulcer Disease I: Introduction

711
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by mucosal excavation in the esophagus, stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. It can manifest as acute or chronic based on the extent and duration of mucosal involvement.
An acute ulcer, marked by superficial erosion and minimal inflammation, swiftly resolves upon identifying and addressing the underlying cause. In contrast, a chronic ulcer persists, potentially eroding through the muscular wall and forming fibrous tissue.
Peptic ulcers can also be...
711
Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

1.9K
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by the development of ulcers in the stomach or duodenal mucosa. Its pathophysiology is complex, involving a balance between damaging and protective elements.
Damaging agents such as Helicobacter pylori, gastric acid, pepsin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can weaken the mucosal defense, allowing hydrogen ions to infiltrate back and harm epithelial cells.
1.9K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

859
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
859
Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

507
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
507
Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management

401
Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
The prevailing therapy for peptic ulcers involves a combination of managing the patient's current...
401
Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care01:25

Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care

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Surgical management and nursing care are crucial in treating Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). Here is an organized and enhanced overview of the surgical interventions and the associated nursing care for PUD:
Surgical Interventions for Peptic Ulcer Disease
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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses
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Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses

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Buruli ulcer.

Rie R Yotsu1,2, Rachel E Simmonds3, Dziedzom K de Souza4

  • 1Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Celia Scott Weatherhead School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. ryotsu@tulane.edu.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|December 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Buruli ulcer, a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is characterized by necrotizing skin lesions. Understanding mycolactone

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Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses
10:45

Deep Dermal Injection As a Model of Candida albicans Skin Infection for Histological Analyses

Published on: June 13, 2018

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans.
  • Mycolactone, an exotoxin from M. ulcerans, inhibits the Sec61 translocon, leading to tissue destruction and immune suppression.
  • Transmission mechanisms remain largely unknown, hindering prevention efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of Buruli ulcer pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To highlight challenges in diagnosis and treatment, particularly in resource-limited settings.
  • To outline future research directions for Buruli ulcer control.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Buruli ulcer research.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods, including PCR.
  • Evaluation of current treatment regimens and adjunctive care.

Main Results:

  • Mycolactone's role in pathogenesis is a key advance.
  • PCR is the diagnostic gold standard, but accessibility is limited.
  • Effective treatment involves antibiotics (rifampicin/clarithromycin) and comprehensive wound care.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed on transmission, rapid diagnostics, and optimized treatments.
  • Integrated healthcare worker training and disease control are crucial.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent disability and improve quality of life.