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Angular-selective multifunctional optical devices using graphene-embedded one-dimensional photonic crystals.

Na Pei, Lei Lei, Shu-Hui Zhu

    Optics Express
    |December 19, 2025
    PubMed
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    This study introduces a graphene-based one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) for polarization-insensitive angular selection. It enables broadband spatial filtering and optical encoding of spin information via the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE).

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Condensed Matter Physics

    Background:

    • Angular selection is crucial for optical devices.
    • Existing methods often lack polarization insensitivity or broadband operation.
    • Graphene's unique properties offer potential for advanced photonic applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) with graphene layers for polarization-insensitive and broadband angular selection.
    • To investigate the utilization of critical angle for total reflection for high-performance spatial filtering.
    • To explore the application of the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) for optical encoding.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a 1DPC incorporating graphene layers.
    • Analysis of light transmission and reflection properties under different incident angles and polarizations (transverse electric and transverse magnetic).

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  • Characterization of the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) and its dependence on angular discrepancy.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved polarization-insensitive and broadband angular selection (85.7% relative bandwidth).
    • Demonstrated distinct transition angles for transverse electric (55°) and transverse magnetic (50°) waves.
    • Observed significant transverse displacement due to PSHE around 45°, enabling spin information encoding.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed 1DPC offers a robust platform for high-performance angular selection.
    • The exploitation of PSHE provides a novel pathway for optical encoding of spin information.
    • This multifunctional device has potential applications in encoder devices, optical orientation systems, and spin-based photonics.