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Distributed 3D hydro-acoustic localization method with curvilinear volumetric array using a single auto-submerged

Jinyi Wu, Zhaoyong Wang, Yifan Liu

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    A new distributed 3D hydro-acoustic localization method uses a single cable to form a curvilinear volumetric array (CVA). This approach overcomes deployment challenges for effective underwater target tracking and maritime security.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oceanography
    • Acoustics
    • Marine Engineering

    Background:

    • Distributed optical fiber sensing is crucial for underwater target tracking.
    • Current methods face significant obstacles due to strict sensing cable deployment requirements.
    • There is a need for robust and practical 3D localization techniques in marine environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel distributed 3D hydro-acoustic localization method.
    • To utilize a single auto-submerged cable to construct a curvilinear volumetric array (CVA).
    • To address the practical challenges of cable deployment in underwater applications.

    Main Methods:

    • A single auto-submerged cable is employed to create a CVA for acoustic field detection.
    • A mapping relationship is established between the detected acoustic field and the source-cable position.
    • The 3D position of underwater targets is determined through this mapping.

    Main Results:

    • Sea trials validated the method with a 93m cable, achieving an average localization error of 2.2m (SD 0.3m) at 25m lateral distance.
    • The system demonstrated a maximum localization range of 1100m.
    • Simulations showed robustness against deployment deviations (horizontal offset: 9m, rotation: 5°, local offset: 10m).

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed CVA-based method offers a feasible solution for distributed 3D hydro-acoustic localization.
    • It effectively mitigates challenges related to cable deployment and array time-variation in shallow waters.
    • This technology has the potential to significantly advance underwater target monitoring in marine environments.