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A Histopathological Insight to Inflammation-guided Root Resorption in Odontogenic Cyst and Neoplasms.

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Summary

Inflammation significantly impacts external apical root resorption (EARR) in oral lesions, particularly in neoplastic cases. Focal inflammation and increased vascularity correlate with higher EARR risk, aiding prognosis.

Keywords:
External apical root resorptioninflammationmean vessel densityodontogenic cystodontogenic tumorperiapical pathology

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Dental radiology
  • Inflammatory processes

Background:

  • External apical root resorption (EARR) is linked to various factors including inflammation, which involves complex cytokine pathways affecting tissue permeability and vascularity.
  • While EARR research often focuses on orthodontics, this study investigates its role in oral lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relationship between inflammation and EARR in reactive, cystic, and neoplastic oral lesions.
  • To correlate histopathological inflammatory patterns with radiological EARR measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 15 cases each of reactive, cystic, and neoplastic lesions.
  • EARR assessment using DBSwin software; inflammation characterized by histopathology.
  • Quantification of mean vessel density and perimeter using Olympus magnus-pro software; statistical analysis with SPSS v24.

Main Results:

  • Cystic lesions showed dense chronic inflammation, reactive lesions displayed diffuse chronic inflammation, and neoplastic lesions exhibited mixed inflammation.
  • The type of inflammation was statistically significant.
  • Neoplastic lesions demonstrated a significant correlation between inflammation and EARR, with acute exacerbation of chronic inflammation showing the highest EARR (4.7 ± 1.2).

Conclusions:

  • Focal inflammation and increased vascularity are associated with a higher risk of EARR in the studied oral lesions.
  • Integrating radiographic and histological findings can enhance the prognostic evaluation of EARR.