Roles of minimally invasive techniques in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer (Review)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a leading cause of mortality among gynecological malignancies, predominantly due to late-stage diagnoses and complex management challenges. Traditional treatment strategies, primarily centered on extensive cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, have seen notable improvements through the integration of laparoscopy and robotic-assisted procedures. The safety and efficacy of minimally invasive techniques (MITs) have been demonstrated in early-stage EOC, although their applicability in advanced stages requires further investigation. Additionally, molecular-based and immunotherapies, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors and RNA-based treatments, offer promising adjuncts to MITs by targeting cancer-specific pathways with precision. Despite these innovations, patient selection, surgical expertise and adherence to oncological safety standards remain key factors in determining the efficacy and safety of MITs in EOC management. Future directions emphasize the need for standardized protocols, enhanced imaging techniques and real-time molecular monitoring, which aim to transition EOC management toward a minimally invasive, patient-centered approach. The present review discussed the advancements in MITs and their role in the management of EOC, with a focus on their impact on surgical outcomes, survival rates and patient quality of life.