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Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion01:10

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In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
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Horizontal and vertical exoplanet thermal structure from a JWST spectroscopic eclipse map.

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Astronomers mapped an ultrahot Jupiter

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Exoplanetary science
  • Atmospheric physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Ultrahot Jupiters exhibit significant atmospheric variations.
  • Previous observations lacked multi-dimensional atmospheric data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a multi-dimensional spectroscopic map of an exoplanet atmosphere.
  • To resolve atmospheric temperature and chemistry gradients.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary eclipse observation of WASP-18b using JWST's NIRISS.
  • Spectroscopic analysis to map atmospheric features.

Main Results:

  • Revealed weaker longitudinal temperature gradients than predicted.
  • Identified a substellar 'hotspot' and a cooler 'ring' region.
  • Hotspot shows inverted thermal structure and lower water abundance.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen dissociation and nightside clouds influence thermal emission.
  • Future mapping will detail 3D exoplanet atmospheric properties.