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Tracking Trainee Movement: A Scalable Framework for Analyzing Geographic Retention in Graduate Medical Education.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Physician trainee mobility varies by region and training stage. Understanding these patterns is key to addressing geographic disparities in medical care access.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Physician Workforce Distribution
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Persistent geographic maldistribution of physicians despite Graduate Medical Education (GME) expansion.
  • Physician training programs concentrate in urban areas, reinforcing regional workforce imbalances.
  • Understanding trainee mobility is crucial for addressing workforce shortages in underserved regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and implement a framework for assessing physician trainee retention and mobility across GME stages.
  • To analyze ophthalmology trainee movement patterns as an exemplar specialty.
  • To identify factors influencing geographic disparities in physician supply.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 800 ophthalmology residents (2019-2022) from 52 ACGME-accredited programs.
  • Utilized FREIDA Database and program websites to track geographic transitions: medical school to residency (T1), residency to fellowship (T2a), and residency to attending (T2b).
  • Primary outcomes: regional retention rates and travel distances between training locations.

Main Results:

  • The South region showed highest T1 retention; the West demonstrated highest T2a and T2b retention.
  • The West had lowest T1 retention; the Midwest had lowest T2a retention.
  • Physician trainees traveled the greatest mean distance between residency and fellowship (T2a) compared to other stages (P<.005).

Conclusions:

  • Trainee relocation and retention patterns are dynamic, varying significantly by GME stage and geographic region.
  • The greatest mean travel distance occurred between residency and fellowship, highlighting a critical transition point for physician distribution.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to mitigate geographic disparities in physician supply.