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High visceral adiposity and low skeletal muscle mass independently predict the development of acute cholecystitis in

Abdullah Enes Ataş1, Şeyma Ünüvar2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye.

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Summary

Visceral adiposity and sarcopenia predict acute cholecystitis (AC) development in patients with gallstones. CT-based body composition analysis aids in identifying high-risk individuals for AC, improving patient management.

Keywords:
acute cholecystitisbody compositioncholelithiasissarcopeniavisceral adiposity

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Predicting acute cholecystitis (AC) in patients with gallstones is challenging.
  • Traditional risk factors like BMI lack specificity for AC development.
  • This study investigates CT-derived body composition metrics for AC prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if visceral adiposity and sarcopenia predict the transition from asymptomatic cholelithiasis to AC.
  • To evaluate CT-based body composition analysis as a risk stratification tool.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 622 patients with cholelithiasis.
  • Quantification of visceral fat area (VFA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) from CT scans.
  • Multivariate logistic regression to identify AC predictors.

Main Results:

  • Higher VFA and lower SMI were significantly associated with AC development.
  • Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, increased VFA, and decreased SMI were independent predictors.
  • The predictive model achieved an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.857.

Conclusions:

  • Visceral adiposity and sarcopenia are strong, independent predictors of AC.
  • AC may be a complication of a systemic metabolic state.
  • CT-based body composition analysis is valuable for AC risk stratification.