Skin Necrosis Following Extravasation Injury: A 5-Year Experience in a Tertiary Paediatric Centre
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.A washout procedure effectively reduces skin loss from paediatric extravasation injuries, especially severe ones. Prompt intervention based on injury grade is crucial for preventing tissue damage and improving outcomes.
Area Of Science
- Paediatric Plastic Surgery
- Vascular Access Complications
- Tissue Injury Management
Background
- Extravasation, the leakage of intravenous fluids into surrounding tissues, is a common and potentially damaging complication in pediatric patients.
- These injuries can lead to significant tissue damage, including ulceration and partial or full-thickness skin loss.
- The effectiveness of a washout procedure in mitigating these outcomes requires further investigation.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the efficacy of a washout procedure in reducing the incidence of skin loss following extravasation injuries in children.
- To identify predictors of skin loss in paediatric extravasation injuries.
- To inform clinical practice regarding the management of extravasation injuries.
Main Methods
- Prospective review of paediatric extravasation injuries managed by the Plastic and Maxillofacial Department over five years.
- Data collection included patient demographics, extravasated fluid characteristics, injury severity (grade), anatomical location, and timing of washout.
- Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine predictors of skin loss at 24 and 48 hours post-injury.
Main Results
- A total of 216 injuries were analyzed; 16.7% resulted in skin loss.
- Lower limb site, grade 3, and grade 4 injuries were significant predictors of skin loss.
- Absence of washout markedly increased the risk of skin loss, particularly for severe (grade 3 and 4) injuries.
Conclusions
- The washout procedure is an effective intervention for preventing skin loss in paediatric extravasation injuries, especially for grades 3 and 4.
- Injuries involving the lower limb have a higher risk of skin loss.
- Clinical management should prioritize urgent washout intervention guided by the injury grade.
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