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Peritoneal dialysis influences microRNA expression and pro-inflammatory response: results from a cross-sectional
Nara Aline Costa1, Amanda Gomes Pereira2, Hellen Christina Neves Rodrigues1
1Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Nutrição, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Jornal Brasileiro De Nefrologia
|December 19, 2025
Summary
Peritoneal dialysis patients show altered circulating microRNAs and higher inflammation compared to non-dialysis patients. These microRNAs regulate pathways involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling and insulin resistance, potentially contributing to chronic kidney disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Molecular Biology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) pathogenesis involves complex inflammatory processes and molecular changes.
- Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers for disease states.
- Understanding miRNA expression differences in CKD patients undergoing different treatments can elucidate disease mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify differences in circulating miRNA expression between non-dialytic (ND) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) CKD patients.
- To determine regulatory miRNA-target gene networks and pathways implicated in CKD pathogenesis.
- To investigate the association between circulating miRNAs, inflammation, and CKD treatment modality.
Main Methods:
- An exploratory cross-sectional study involving ND and PD patients with CKD stage 5.
- Evaluation of serum inflammatory biomarkers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6.
- Profiling of circulating miRNA expression and computational analysis of miRNA-target gene networks and pathways.
Main Results:
- PD patients exhibited significantly higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 compared to ND patients.
- Nine miRNAs were significantly deregulated in PD patients relative to ND patients (fold change ≥ 2, p ≤ 0.05).
- Pathway enrichment analysis identified G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, insulin secretion/resistance, and energy metabolism as significantly regulated pathways.
Conclusions:
- Peritoneal dialysis treatment is associated with deregulated circulating miRNA levels and elevated inflammatory biomarkers in CKD patients.
- The identified miRNAs regulate genes involved in GPCR signaling, insulin resistance, and energy metabolism.
- These pathways play critical roles in fibrosis and inflammation-associated functions relevant to CKD progression.
