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Healthcare-Associated Infections in a Burn Treatment Unit.

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|December 19, 2025
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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are common in severe burn patients, with gram-negative bacteria being the predominant cause. Effective infection control is crucial to reduce mortality in this vulnerable group.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Burn Care
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe burns compromise immune function and skin integrity, increasing susceptibility to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
  • HAIs in burn patients are associated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and characteristics of HAIs in hospitalized burn patients.
  • To identify the common pathogens and risk factors associated with HAIs in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of burn patients hospitalized at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Data collected from 2018 to 2022, adhering to CDC criteria for HAI surveillance.
  • Analysis included patient demographics, burn characteristics, HAI types, causative microorganisms, and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • 130 HAIs were recorded in 88 out of 536 burn patients over five years.
  • Burn wound infections were the most frequent HAI (51.5%), followed by bloodstream infections (13.8%).
  • Gram-negative bacteria (71.6%) predominated among isolated microorganisms, a finding contrasting with other studies. The mortality rate was 13.6%.

Conclusions:

  • Gram-negative bacteria are the primary cause of HAIs in this Brazilian burn patient cohort.
  • Findings underscore the critical need for robust infection control strategies to mitigate HAI-related complications and mortality.
  • The study highlights a unique microbiological profile that warrants further investigation and tailored prevention efforts.