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Designing Open Quantum Systems for Enabling Quantum-Enhanced Sensing through Classical Measurements
Robert Mattes1, Albert Cabot1, Federico Carollo2
1Universität Tübingen, Institut für Theoretische Physik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|December 19, 2025
Summary
Quantum systems can achieve enhanced parameter estimation using classical measurements like photon counting. This simplifies quantum-enhanced metrology, making it more practical for real-world applications.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Quantum optics
- Condensed matter physics
Background:
- Quantum systems out of equilibrium exhibit complex phase diagrams and critical behaviors.
- Dissipative effects and continuous observation of quantum particles (e.g., photons) enable quantum-enhanced parameter estimation.
- Current protocols often require complex measurements of the combined system-environment state.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate that quantum-enhanced parameter estimation can be achieved using classical measurements.
- To simplify the implementation of quantum metrology protocols.
- To explore the potential of classical measurements in harnessing quantum enhancements.
Main Methods:
- Investigated open spin-boson models, relevant to trapped-ion and cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems.
- Utilized classical measurement techniques, specifically photon counting and homodyne detection.
- Analyzed the conditions under which many-body quantum enhancement can be extracted.
Main Results:
- Showed that quantum-enhanced parameter estimation is achievable via classical measurements.
- Demonstrated the effectiveness of photon counting and homodyne detection for this purpose.
- Identified specific open spin-boson models amenable to this approach.
Conclusions:
- Classical measurements offer a practical pathway to quantum-enhanced metrology.
- The findings pave the way for designing systems that implement quantum-enhanced measurements using continuous classical observations.
- This research simplifies the experimental requirements for quantum metrology, making it more accessible.
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