Interferon-γ-responsive theranostic nanoplatform for adaptive antibacterial therapy

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Wound Management

Background:

• Intelligent theranostic strategies for real-time infection assessment and adaptive treatment are crucial for wound management.
• Current methods often lack precision and can lead to overtreatment or undertreatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a smart theranostic nanoplatform (Apt-Ag+-GNR) for precise wound infection treatment.
• To integrate fluorescence-guided detection, adaptive silver ion (Ag+) release, and photothermal therapy (PTT).
• To utilize interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as a biomarker for real-time infection assessment and therapeutic triggering.

Main Methods:

• Apt-Ag+-GNR nanoplatform utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for IFN-γ detection.
• Dynamic modulation of Ag+ release and combination with PTT based on IFN-γ levels.
• In vivo studies involving wound infection models to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and tissue regeneration.

Main Results:

• The nanoplatform achieved sensitive IFN-γ detection (LOD: 26.7 pg mL-1).
• Adaptive Ag+ release and PTT effectively treated infections based on severity, preventing overtreatment.
• Accelerated wound healing, reduced inflammation, and improved tissue regeneration were observed in vivo.

Conclusions:

• The Apt-Ag+-GNR platform offers a broadly applicable framework for adaptive theranostic systems.
• This approach shows translational potential for managing severe wound infections, chronic ulcers, diabetic wounds, and implant-related infections.