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Dual faces of USP10 in breast cancer: Oncogenic driver, tumor suppressor, and emerging therapeutic target.

Cong Fan1, Jiajia Wang2, Jianing Sun1

  • 1Department of Thyroid, Breast, and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|December 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10) plays a dual role in breast cancer, acting as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor. Targeting USP10 shows promise for new breast cancer therapies.

Keywords:
Breast cancerDeubiquitinationOncogeneTherapeutic targetTumor suppressorUSP10

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10) is a key regulator in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis.
  • USP10 exhibits a paradoxical dual role, functioning as both an oncogenic driver and a tumor suppressor.
  • Its overexpression correlates with aggressive BC phenotypes and poor prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding USP10's mechanistic roles in breast cancer.
  • To focus on USP10's paradoxical dual regulation in oncogenic signaling, tumor immunity, and therapeutic resistance.
  • To highlight USP10 as a potential therapeutic target for precision oncology in breast cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing recent advances in USP10 research.
  • Analysis of USP10's mechanistic roles in modulating oncogenic signaling pathways.
  • Examination of USP10's impact on tumor immunity and therapeutic resistance.

Main Results:

  • USP10 stabilizes tumor-promoting substrates, driving malignant phenotypes, while also exerting tumor-suppressive effects.
  • USP10 inhibition demonstrates synergistic effects with PARP inhibitors and ADCs in preclinical models.
  • USP10 overexpression is linked to aggressive breast cancer and unfavorable outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • USP10's context-dependent duality presents challenges and opportunities for targeted breast cancer therapies.
  • Developing isoform-selective inhibitors and overcoming resistance mechanisms are key therapeutic challenges.
  • USP10 represents a promising therapeutic target, necessitating targeted strategies for precision oncology.