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Related Experiment Video

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A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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Prospective standardized surveillance of early-stage melanoma on the basis of anatomical staging and molecular

Jason M Aubrey1, Jesse Kelley1, Mariam Khan1

  • 1General Surgery Residency, Corewell Health West/Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI.

Surgery
|December 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new scoring system combining anatomic staging and gene expression profiling (GEP) risk stratifies cutaneous melanoma patients for surveillance. This approach shows promise in identifying early-stage melanoma recurrences with minimal asymptomatic findings at short-term follow-up.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Gene expression profiling (GEP) is widely used for cutaneous melanoma, but independent data guiding its clinical implementation is limited.
  • A novel scoring system integrating anatomic staging and molecular profiling was developed to stratify patients into four risk categories for prospective surveillance.
  • This study addresses the need for non-industry-sponsored evidence to support GEP-guided melanoma management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a risk-stratified surveillance strategy for early-stage cutaneous melanoma patients.
  • To assess the rate of asymptomatic, imaging-detected recurrences using a combined anatomic staging and GEP classification system.
  • To provide data for guiding the implementation of GEP in clinical practice for melanoma surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Two hundred patients with cutaneous melanoma (stage IA-IIC) were enrolled between 2019 and 2023.
  • Patients were stratified into four surveillance groups (A1, A2, B1, B2) based on pathologic stage and GEP class (1 or 2).
  • The primary outcome was the rate of asymptomatic, imaging-detected recurrence, with interim analysis at a median follow-up of 24 months.

Main Results:

  • Recurrence rates varied significantly by surveillance group: A1 (4.9%), A2 (10.3%), B1 (0%), and B2 (33.3%).
  • Overall, 16 patients (8.0%) experienced recurrence, including 12 local/regional (6.0%) and 4 distant (2.0%).
  • Asymptomatic, imaging-detected recurrences were infrequent (1.5%), with most recurrences identified via physical examination (5.0%).

Conclusions:

  • A pragmatic, risk-stratified surveillance strategy using anatomic staging and GEP shows potential for managing early-stage cutaneous melanoma.
  • The approach yielded few asymptomatic, imaging-detected recurrences at short-term follow-up, suggesting its utility.
  • Further long-term follow-up is required to fully validate the effectiveness and reliability of this surveillance strategy.