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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Opioid overdoses are a significant cause of mortality.
  • Naloxone is a crucial opioid antagonist for reversing overdoses.
  • Inpatient psychiatric settings may present unique challenges for naloxone distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate naloxone prescribing practices by psychiatry residents on inpatient psychiatric units.
  • To assess residents' attitudes toward prescribing naloxone.
  • To identify barriers to naloxone distribution in psychiatric settings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 90 high-risk patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital.
  • Analysis of demographic data and naloxone kit provision at discharge.
  • Pre- and post-education surveys of residents assessing knowledge, attitudes, and barriers.

Main Results:

  • Only 37.8% of at-risk patients received a naloxone kit upon discharge.
  • No significant demographic or clinical factors correlated with naloxone prescribing.
  • Residents reported time constraints and workflow confusion as barriers, despite feeling responsible for distribution.

Conclusions:

  • Naloxone is under-prescribed to patients at elevated risk in inpatient psychiatric settings.
  • Implementing universal naloxone offering at discharge is recommended.
  • Improving workflow and resident education can enhance naloxone access and reduce overdose rates.