Evaluation of tissue response of experimental calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers: An in vivo study

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the experimental sealers, composed of tricalcium silicate (CaSi) and CaSi supplemented with calcium hypochlorite (CaSi-H), stimulate tissue repair. The tissue response of experimental materials was compared with commercially available materials Bio-C sealer (BC sealer) and BioRoot (BROOT). Polyethylene tubes filled with materials or left empty (controls) were implanted in rats for 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. The number of fibroblasts, mast cells, collagen content, interleukin-10 (IL-10) and fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) immunoexpression were evaluated. Data were analysed with two-way anova and Tukey's test, and linear regression. The fibroblast-FGF correlation was estimated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. In all groups, the number of fibroblasts and collagen content increased significantly over time. At all-time points, CaSi-H and control groups showed the highest values of fibroblasts, whereas the lowest values were observed in BROOT. At 60 days, no significant differences were detected among CaSi, CaSi-H, BC sealer and controls. At all-time points, the capsules of CaSi and CaSi-H exhibited the highest values of FGF-1 and IL-10 immunoexpression. CaSi and CaSi-H induced the formation of fibrous capsules, indicating that these sealers stimulate connective tissue repair.