Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

4.9K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
4.9K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

7.1K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
7.1K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

6.5K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
6.5K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

3.6K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
3.6K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

1.6K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
1.6K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

4.0K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reply to 'Post-thyrotoxicosis weight gain: time to stratify and treat?'

Nature reviews. Endocrinology·2026
Same author

Radioactive Iodine Symptom Burden, Psychosocial Factors, and Health-related Quality of Life among Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Journal of psychosocial oncology research and practice·2026
Same author

Patient Perspectives Toward a Decision Aid for Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Intermediate Risk Thyroid Cancer.

International journal of behavioral medicine·2025
Same author

The complexity of the relationship between thyroid disease and body weight.

Nature reviews. Endocrinology·2025
Same author

Safe Optimization of Thyroid Hormone Therapy.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

Thyroid Cancer: An Update in Causal Mechanisms, Diagnosis, Initial Treatment, and Long-Term Management.

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.2K

The Influence of Thyroid Dysfunction on Body Composition and Weight Trajectory.

Jacqueline Jonklaas1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|December 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction significantly alters body weight and composition. Treatment can lead to weight gain, necessitating patient counseling and management strategies.

Keywords:
energy balancehyperthyroidismhypothyroidismthyroid hormonetreatmentweight gainweight loss

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

729
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.2K
Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse
04:05

Author Spotlight: Accurately Assessing Thyroid Hormone-Driven Motor Alterations in Mouse

Published on: October 6, 2023

729
Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolism
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Thyroid dysfunction, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, causes significant changes in body weight and composition.
  • Treatment of thyroid disorders can lead to further alterations in body weight, often resulting in weight gain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms, predictors, and implications of weight changes associated with thyroid dysfunction and its treatment.
  • To provide insights for patient management and counseling regarding expected weight alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on thyroid dysfunction, body weight, and composition.
  • Analysis of patterns of weight change during hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, and following treatment.

Main Results:

  • Hypothyroidism is associated with mild to modest weight gain, with partial reversal upon treatment, but ongoing treatment may lead to continued weight gain.
  • Hyperthyroidism causes significant weight loss (fat, muscle, bone mass), which reverses with treatment, but often results in a net weight increase over time.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the distinct patterns of weight change in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism is crucial for effective patient counseling and management.
  • Strategies are needed to prevent or minimize long-term weight gain after achieving euthyroidism.