Perceptions of Professional Behavior in a Midwestern College of Pharmacy Community: A Mixed-Methods Study

Professionalism is integral to pharmacy education and practice, but evolving societal dynamics, including generational differences and technological advancements, challenge traditional norms. This study aimed to explore perceptions of professionalism across generations and roles in a College of Pharmacy through behavioral scenarios and survey research.

A prospective convergent parallel mixed methods study was conducted using an anonymous online survey, including quantitative (closed-ended) and qualitative (open-ended) questions. Participants from different age-based generations in a Midwestern College of Pharmacy, including students, staff, and faculty, evaluated 8 scenarios reflecting various aspects of professionalism.

The study included 134 participants, with a response rate of 19.1%. Findings revealed similarities by age-based generations in respect for academic hierarchy across all roles, but younger participants (including pharmacy and graduate students) more readily embraced multitasking and digital communication, despite recognizing them as unprofessional. Common barriers, such as time management and health emergencies, impacted professional commitments across generations. Participants faced challenges with cross-cultural collaboration, such as language barriers and a lack of cultural respect.

The study highlights both similarities in some professional values and discordance in adapting to technology and cross-cultural challenges by age-based generations and roles. There is a need for cultural competence training and strategies to address modern challenges to ensure that future pharmacists can navigate a dynamic health care setting effectively.