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Analysis of the clinicopathological relevance and prognostic value of CDK1 in human malignancy: Insights from meta

Mehran Pashirzad1, Alexandra E Butler2, Prashant Kesharwani3

  • 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

Surgical Oncology
|December 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

High CDK1 expression indicates poorer overall survival and disease-free survival in cancer patients. This finding suggests CDK1 is a potential prognostic biomarker for unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Keywords:
CDK1 expressionMalignancyOverall survivalPrognostic biomarker

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation.
  • Dysregulation of CDK1 has been implicated in various human cancers.
  • The prognostic significance of CDK1 expression in cancer remains to be comprehensively evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis assessing the prognostic value of CDK1 expression in cancer patients.
  • To determine the association between CDK1 expression and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
  • To investigate the correlation between CDK1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed to identify relevant studies.
  • Data from 20 studies including 2470 cancer patients were pooled for meta-analysis.
  • Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Elevated CDK1 expression was significantly associated with reduced OS in both univariate (HR=1.55) and multivariate (HR=1.89) analyses.
  • Higher CDK1 expression correlated with adverse pathological features: larger tumor size (OR=1.50), lymph node metastasis (OR=2.41), higher histological grade (OR=2.40), and advanced tumor stage (OR=1.76).
  • Significant associations were observed for disease-free survival (DFS) as well.

Conclusions:

  • Over-expression of CDK1 is a significant prognostic biomarker for unfavorable clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
  • CDK1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for improving patient prognosis.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and clinical applications of CDK1 in cancer.