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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...

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High-Frequency Ultrasound Detects Early Ischemia-Induced Neuroinflammation Following Peripheral Compressive

Szu-Han Chen1, De-Quan Chen2, Chih-Chung Huang2

  • 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Center of Transformative Bioelectronic Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
|December 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) effectively detects early ischemia and inflammation in sciatic nerve compression. This non-invasive tool aids in diagnosing peripheral compressive neuropathies and monitoring microvascular changes.

Keywords:
Chronic constriction injury modelCompressive neuropathyHigh-frequency ultrasoundIschemiaNeuroinflammationVascular remodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Peripheral compressive neuropathies present diagnostic challenges due to complex ischemic and inflammatory responses.
  • Early detection of neuroinflammation and microvascular changes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) for detecting ischemia-induced neuroinflammation and microvascular alterations in sciatic nerve compression.
  • To assess the utility of HFUS as an early diagnostic tool for compressive neuropathies.

Main Methods:

  • A chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was used in Sprague-Dawley rats.
  • Longitudinal assessment of intraneural perfusion and vascular density via 40 MHz HFUS imaging.
  • Quantification of hypoxia (HIF-1α), inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α), and angiogenic (VEGF, vWF) markers using immunofluorescence and Western blotting.

Main Results:

  • HFUS revealed immediate reductions in blood flow velocity and vessel density post-compression.
  • Inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-α) and angiogenic markers (VEGF, vWF) showed distinct temporal expression patterns.
  • Changes in hypoxia markers (HIF-1α) and structural vascular density correlated with the injury timeline, alongside observed demyelination and remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • HFUS provides sensitive, non-invasive visualization of acute vascular and inflammatory responses to peripheral nerve compression.
  • The findings support HFUS's potential for early diagnosis and monitoring of compressive neuropathies.
  • This study offers insights into the pathophysiological timeline of nerve compression, including ischemia, neuroinflammation, and vascular remodeling.