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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.1K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

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Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
127.3K
Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

1.5K
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
1.5K
Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

2.7K
The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
2.7K
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

36.2K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Improving Ionic Conformality Across Polymer Electrolyte|Electrode Interfaces.

Jungki Min1, Nicholas F Pietra1,2, Callum Connor1,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Achieving uniform ion transport in polymer electrolyte (PE) solid-state batteries is difficult. This study enhances ionic conformality at interfaces, improving battery stability and performance in high-voltage applications.

Keywords:
electrolyte additiveinterfacemolecular ionic compositesolid‐state lithium batteriessynchrotron X‐ray analyses

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Maintaining uniform ionic transport at electrode-electrolyte interfaces, known as ionic conformality, is a critical challenge in polymer electrolyte (PE)-based solid-state batteries.
  • In multiphase PEs, ion-conductive domains can rearrange or deplete at interfaces, disrupting ion transport pathways and leading to interfacial instability and capacity fade, especially in high-voltage lithium-metal batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an electrolyte design strategy that minimizes interfacial heterogeneities for improved ionic conformality.
  • To enhance cycling stability and performance of solid-state batteries at high voltages.

Main Methods:

  • Compositional adjustments in the electrolyte to minimize interfacial heterogeneities.
  • Spatially resolved structural and chemical X-ray techniques for interface characterization.
  • NMR diffusometry to elucidate ion transport dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The proposed electrolyte design approach successfully improved ionic conformality at electrode interfaces.
  • Enhanced cycling stability was observed in Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NMC811) coin and pouch cells cycled at high voltages.

Conclusions:

  • Minimizing interfacial heterogeneities through compositional control is an effective strategy to achieve ionic conformality in multiphase PEs.
  • The findings provide insights into interfacial behaviors and inform future strategies for developing stable solid-state battery interfaces.