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Using Natural Language Processing to Inform Targeted Rural and Urban Hispanic VA Suicide Prediction Models.

Maxwell Levis^1,2, Monica Dimambro¹, Joshua Levy^2,3

¹White River Junction VA Medical Center, White River Junction VT.

Rural Mental Health

|December 22, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Rural Hispanic Veterans have higher suicide rates. This study used electronic health records to identify unique risk factors for suicide in rural versus urban Hispanic Veterans, improving prediction models.

Keywords:

Hispanic Veterans Natural language processing Rural Veterans Suicide risk modeling

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Area of Science:

Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare
Suicidology
Health disparities research

Background:

Rural Hispanic Veterans exhibit higher suicide rates than their urban counterparts.
Understanding the specific factors contributing to these disparities is crucial for targeted interventions.
Existing suicide risk prediction models may not adequately capture rural-specific nuances.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differences in suicide risk factors between rural and urban Hispanic Veterans.
To refine suicide risk prediction metrics using unstructured electronic health record (EHR) data.
To stratify analyses by rurality to better understand population-specific risks.

Main Methods:

Utilized a dataset of Hispanic Veterans Affairs (VA) patients, including suicide decedents (cases) and matched living controls from 2015-2018.
Extracted and preprocessed unstructured EHR text data for semantic analysis.
Developed prediction models using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Logistic Regression, evaluating accuracy with Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC).

Main Results:

Models demonstrated high predictive accuracy for rural Hispanic Veterans (AUC = 0.86) and moderate accuracy for urban Hispanic Veterans (AUC = 0.67).
Rural models highlighted themes of dislocation from community and resources.
Urban models emphasized alienation and identity challenges.

Conclusions:

This research provides critical insights into the distinct risk profiles of rural and urban Hispanic Veterans who died by suicide.
Findings can inform the development of more accurate suicide prediction tools tailored to different geographic settings.
Enhanced understanding can guide the implementation of effective suicide prevention strategies for diverse Veteran populations.