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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
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A non-neurodegenerative REM parasomnia with immersive dreaming and dream-reality confusion: a case report

Nazanin Biabani1, Martina Mulas1,2, Carlotta Mutti3

  • 1Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Sleep
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This case study highlights a unique REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) presentation in a child, featuring vivid dreams and confusion without neurodegeneration. It suggests a need for broader parasomnia classifications.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) typically presents as a prodromal sign of neurodegenerative conditions in adults.
  • However, atypical presentations, especially in younger individuals, are increasingly recognized.
  • This challenges the traditional understanding of RBD's trajectory.
Keywords:
REM sleep behavior disorderREM sleep without atoniadream-reality confusionimmersive dreamingmelanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)memory consolidationparasomniasleep cognition

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