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Infusion-Related Reactions Among Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The ARON-MOUSEION-013

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Summary

Infusion-related reactions (IRRs) are common in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with a high overall prevalence. While mild reactions can be managed with slow infusions, severe IRRs necessitate emergency care.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a significant advancement in cancer therapy.
  • Infusion-related reactions (IRRs) are potential adverse events associated with immunotherapy administration.
  • Understanding the incidence of IRRs is crucial for patient safety and treatment management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of Infusion-Related Reactions (IRRs) in cancer patients undergoing treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs).
  • To analyze the prevalence of IRRs across different grades and their association with immune-based combination therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational, randomized, and quasi-experimental studies (ARON-MOUSEION-013, PROSPERO: CRD420251018433).
  • Inclusion of studies involving adult cancer patients (≥18 years) receiving ICIs.
  • Analysis of recorded IRR rates, including Any Grade and Grade ≥ 3, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) within IRRs.

Main Results:

  • Analysis included 4 records, 55 observations, and 35 events.
  • The overall prevalence of Any Grade IRR was 67.4% [95% CI: 3.9%; 99.1%].
  • The prevalence of Grade ≥ 3 IRRs was observed in 8 out of 55 events, with an overall prevalence of irAEs in IRRs at 6% [95% CI: 0.2%; 74.7%].

Conclusions:

  • Mild-to-moderate IRRs are frequent occurrences in patients treated with ICIs.
  • Slow infusion management can help mitigate IRRs.
  • Severe IRRs require prompt emergency medical attention.