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The burden of metabolic diseases in the Arab region, 1990-2021
Ziyan Pan1, Yasser Fouad2, Faisal Abaalkhail3
1Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Background:
Metabolic disorders significantly contribute to global morbidity and mortality. However, data on these trends in the Arab region remain limited despite rising obesity rates and declining metabolic health.
Objectives:
This study aims to investigate the trends and burdens of metabolic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and ischemic stroke and related risk factors in the Arab region.
Design:
A retrospective analysis of metabolic diseases based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database.
Methods:
We analyzed age-standardized rates of disease prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021, using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Results:
In 2021, the Arab region faced a substantial burden: 34.6 million with diabetes, 30.8 million with CVD, 32 million with CKD, 109.4 million with MAFLD, and 3 million with stroke. Mortality and DALYs for these diseases often exceeded global averages.
Conclusion:
The Arab region faces a significant public health challenge due to increasing metabolic disease burdens and inconsistent mortality reduction. A comprehensive approach addressing lifestyle factors and improving healthcare access is crucial to improving health outcomes and managing this growing burden.
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