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Predictive nomogram for post-stroke motor dysfunction using fNIRS.

Menghui Liu1, Chunxiao Wan2, Chunyan Wang2

  • 1Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a diagnostic nomogram using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess upper limb motor dysfunction in ischemic stroke patients (ULMD-IS). The nomogram identifies key hemoglobin levels as risk factors, offering a supplementary tool for objective evaluation.

Keywords:
functional near-infrared spectroscopyischemic strokenomo modelpredictive modelupper limb motor dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Objective evaluation tools for upper limb motor dysfunction in ischemic stroke patients (ULMD-IS) are lacking.
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a potential non-invasive method for assessing brain activity.
  • Developing reliable diagnostic tools is crucial for effective stroke rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a diagnostic nomogram for assessing the severity of ULMD-IS.
  • To utilize fNIRS data to identify objective biomarkers for ULMD-IS.
  • To provide a supplementary tool for the clinical evaluation of post-stroke motor deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 275 ULMD-IS patients.
  • Data preprocessing using HOMER2 software.
  • Construction of a diagnostic nomogram using LASSO and multivariate logistic regression on fNIRS data.
  • Validation using AUC, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, calibration curves, and DCA.

Main Results:

  • Three independent risk factors identified: deoxyhemoglobin (HbD) in the affected temporal region, and total hemoglobin (HbT) in the total and unaffected frontopolar regions.
  • The nomogram demonstrated good differentiation ability (AUC: 0.766 in training, 0.861 in validation).
  • No significant correlation was found between identified risk factors and activities of daily living (ADL) scores.

Conclusions:

  • A diagnostic nomogram using fNIRS-derived hemoglobin levels was successfully developed for ULMD-IS severity.
  • The nomogram serves as a supplementary reference for objective assessment of motor dysfunction.
  • The model's utility in predicting treatment outcomes requires cautious interpretation due to limited sensitivity.