The Lived Experience of Managing Diabetes and Hypertension: A Qualitative Study From a Hilly Region in Uttarakhand,...

Background Diabetes and hypertension are significant public health concerns in India, particularly in rural communities where access to healthcare and health literacy may be limited. This study explores the lived experiences of individuals managing these chronic conditions in a rural Indian setting. This study aimed to understand the perceptions, knowledge, self-management practices, and challenges faced by individuals living with diabetes and hypertension in a rural Indian community. Methodology This phenomenological qualitative research study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 40 participants (20 with diabetes, 20 with hypertension) from selected villages of Tehri district, Uttarakhand. In-depth interviews were conducted. Audio tapes of each interview were made. The native language (Garhwali) tape was verbatim translated into English after completion. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes. Results The study revealed several key themes, including a limited understanding of disease etiology and risk factors, the perceived severity and potential complications of the conditions, diverse medication adherence behaviors, the use of alternative medicine, and significant barriers to effective self-management. Participants frequently cited misinformation about disease and its management, unaffordability of healthy food options, lack of accessibility of health facilities, and lack of self-management guidance from their physicians as key challenges to managing their condition. Conclusions This study reveals the perception and understanding of a hilly and rural population about diabetes and hypertension in terms of self-management practices and challenges. Some of the participants were well aware of the life-threatening complications of diabetes, with some having misconceptions about causes and risk factors. Their belief about medications, social practices, and concerns for diabetes brought a new dimension to explore in the prevention and control of these diseases in rural India.