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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

490
Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
490

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Intratumoral Injection of Cisplatin for the Treatment of Isolated Mediastinal Recurrence of Lung Cancer
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Late Recurrence of Breast Cancer Nearly 30 Years After Surgery: Mediastinal and Hilar Lymph Node Metastases Diagnosed

Tomoyuki Araya1, Toshiyuki Kita1, Takayuki Higashi1

  • 1Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, JPN.

Cureus
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Late breast cancer recurrence, decades after surgery, can be diagnosed using endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). This minimally invasive technique confirms metastases, enabling effective treatment and prolonged survival in rare, late-stage cases.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Late recurrence of breast cancer, over 20 years post-surgery, is uncommon but increasingly relevant due to improved patient survival.
Keywords:
ebus-tbna (endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration)hilar lymphadenopathylate recurrencemediastinal lymph node metastasismetastatic breast cancer

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  • Mediastinal or hilar recurrences can be misdiagnosed as primary lung cancer on imaging.
  • Accurate histological confirmation is crucial for appropriate management of these rare presentations.