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Immune and Immune-Integrated Organoids as NextGeneration Platforms for Disease Modeling.

Kimiya Rashidan1, Malaksima Ayadilord1, Ali Hazrati2

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Adding immune cells to organoids enhances their ability to model diseases like cancer and infections. This breakthrough advances immunotherapy and precision medicine by creating more physiologically relevant research models.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Organoid Technology

Background:

  • Organoids mimic human organs but lack immune cells, limiting their use in immune-related disease research.
  • The absence of immune components restricts organoid relevance in cancer, inflammation, and autoimmunity studies.
  • Immune cell-containing organoids offer a more complete model for studying complex diseases and therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of immune cell-containing organoids in various research areas.
  • To examine methods for integrating immune cells into organoids and challenges faced.
  • To discuss future directions, including bioengineering and AI, for advancing immune system modeling in organoids.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on immune cell integration into organoids.
  • Analysis of different immune cell sources and their functional maintenance.
  • Exploration of bioengineering, biobanking, and AI applications in organoid development.

Main Results:

  • Immune cell-containing organoids show transformative potential in modeling cancer, infection, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
  • Various strategies exist for incorporating immune cells, but maintaining their function remains a challenge.
  • Bioengineering, biobanking, and AI are key to overcoming limitations and improving immune modeling.

Conclusions:

  • Immune cell-containing organoids represent a significant advancement for translational research and precision medicine.
  • These advanced models hold promise for developing novel immunotherapies and understanding immune disorders.
  • Further development is needed to fully harness the potential of these complex biological systems.