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Interference-Enhanced Plasmonic Photocatalysis via Color Laser Engraving on Stainless Steel.

Jiaxing Li¹, Han Liu¹, Kelu Wang¹

¹College of Physics, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|December 22, 2025

Summary

Laser engraving creates structural colors on stainless steel by controlling oxide layer thickness. This interference effect enhances plasmonic photocatalysis, offering a novel, low-cost method for improving catalytic performance.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Structural colors on stainless steel are achieved through laser-induced oxide layer formation.
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) plays a crucial role in photocatalytic enhancement.
Controlling optical interference is key to optimizing SPR-mediated reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between oxide layer thickness, structural color, and SPR-mediated photocatalysis.
To demonstrate a novel strategy for enhancing photocatalytic activity using interference engineering.
To provide a simple, low-cost method for tuning photocatalysis on metallic substrates.

Main Methods:

Color laser engraving on 304 stainless steel to create controlled oxide layer thicknesses.
Deposition of a SiO2 layer to form an optical stack.
Utilizing Ag nanocubes (NCs) for surface plasmon resonance.
Probing photocatalytic activity via surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of PATP-to-DMAB conversion.

Main Results:

Distinct structural colors were generated by tuning laser parameters and oxide layer thickness.
Photocatalytic performance was significantly enhanced when the optical path difference met constructive interference conditions.
Optimized interference conditions were achieved with specific SiO2 layer thicknesses (e.g., 46.2 nm for red, 132.8 nm for yellow coloration).

Conclusions:

Interference engineering by tuning oxide thickness is a viable strategy for improving SPR-mediated photocatalytic performance.
This work presents a practical and novel approach to enhance plasmonic photocatalysis on stainless steel.
The developed method offers a simple, low-cost route for tuneable interference-enhanced plasmonic photocatalysis.